Gross domestic expenditure on research and development (R&D) in the Baltic States was highest in Estonia in 2024, according to Eurostat data, LSM reports. Estonia’s R&D spending stood at 1.99% of GDP, which was up from 1.83% in 2023. The indicator stood at 1.04% (1.04%) in Lithuania and at 0.92% (0.82%) in Latvia. The EU average was 2.24% (2.26%). In 2014, Estonia’s R&D intensity was 1.41%, compared to 1.03% in Lithuania and 0.71% in Latvia.
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